Agent Orange and Skin Cancer: What Veterans Need to Know!

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If you’re a veteran who served in Vietnam or other areas where Agent Orange was used, and you’ve later developed skin cancer, you may be wondering whether there’s a connection—and if you qualify for VA disability benefits.

Although skin cancer isn’t currently on the VA’s list of presumptive conditions related to Agent Orange, research suggests a potential link between herbicide exposure and certain types of skin cancer. That means you may still qualify for VA compensation, but you’ll need strong evidence to support your claim.

In this guide, we break down what the VA looks for, which types of skin cancer may be connected to Agent Orange exposure, how the VA rates skin cancer, and what steps to take to file a strong claim.

Summary of Key Points

• Skin cancer can be caused or aggravated by exposure to toxic herbicides (e.g., Agent Orange), used during military service. 

• The VA recognizes that certain types of skin cancer (e.g., basal and squamous cell, and melanoma) can develop because of Agent Orange exposure. 

• Although the VA doesn’t consider skin cancer caused by Agent Orange exposure a presumptive condition, studies indicate there may be a link between certain types of skin cancer and the toxic herbicide.  

• Veterans must establish a direct connection between their skin cancer and military service to qualify for skin cancer disability. 

What is Agent Orange?

Agent Orange was a blend of tactical toxic herbicides used by the U.S. military during the Vietnam War to defoliate trees and plants, clearing out dense tropical foliage overgrowth in combat areas from 1962 to 1971. 

While there were over 19 million gallons of various “rainbow” herbicide combinations used in Vietnam, the type that was used most often, Agent Orange, got its name from its recognizable orange label on the 55-gallon drum in which the herbicide was stored. 

Agent Orange was heavily sprayed in certain areas, including: 

• Near the demarcation zone 

• In forests at the junction of the borders of Cambodia, Laos, and South Vietnam,  

• In the mangroves on the southernmost peninsula of Vietnam 

• Along shipping channels southeast of Saigon 

Unlike a commercially sold product, Agent Orange was developed specifically for the military and was not tested for safety on humans.  

Agent Orange has harmful chemicals called “dioxins” that have been linked with many health conditions, including Parkinson’s disease, type 2 diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, skin cancer, and more.  

Veterans who served in specific areas during certain time spans where Agent Orange was used or handled may have been exposed and may be eligible for VA disability and related benefits.  

What is Skin Cancer?

Skin cancer, the most common type of cancer in the U.S., occurs when skin cells begin to grow uncontrollably, resulting in symptoms such as: 

• New skin growths 

• Rough patches on the skin 

• Sores that don’t heal  

• Unusual changes in moles 

Early detection of skin cancer is essential to successful treatment, especially for melanoma, which can be aggressive and potentially life-threatening. 

Types of Skin Cancer

 There are four primary types of skin cancer: 

• Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): The most common form, usually appearing as a small, shiny bump 

• Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC): Often manifests as a firm, red nodule or a flat lesion with a scaly crust; SCC can be more aggressive than basal cell carcinoma and may need more intensive treatment. 

• Melanoma: A less common but more dangerous type of skin cancer, often observed as a new mole or a change in an existing mole.  

• Nonmelanoma: Refers to all the types of cancer that happen in the skin that are not melanoma. 

Agent Orange, Skin Cancer, and VA Disability

Melanoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) aren’t recognized by the VA as presumptive conditions related to Agent Orange exposure for Vietnam-era Veterans.  

However, studies have shown that Agent Orange exposure may be linked with skin cancer. Veterans diagnosed with skin cancer must provide medical evidence establishing a direct connection between their condition and military service to qualify for disability compensation. 

Scientific studies that report a link between certain types of cancer and Agent Orange exposure can be used to strengthen your VA disability claim.  

Examples of some of these affirmative studies, according to the type of skin cancer, include: 

• A study published in JAMA Surgery revealed that veterans with Agent Orange exposure have a higher risk of melanoma than the general population. 

• A study published in Jama Surgery discovered that veterans who sprayed Agent Orange herbicides in Vietnam showed a higher-than-average rate of basal cell carcinoma. 

• A 2020 study found a link between veterans exposed to Agent Orange and squamous cell carcinoma. 

For more details on the VA’s rules for Agent Orange exposure, presumptive conditions, and eligibility, see 50+ Agent Orange Presumptive Conditions (Updated List). 

VA Ratings for Skin Cancer

If you’re a veteran with skin cancer that may be linked to Agent Orange exposure, understanding the VA’s rating system is crucial for securing the benefits you deserve.  

There is no specific diagnostic code (DC) for skin cancer; rather, it’s rated under the VA’s rating table: § 4.118 Schedule of ratings—skin.  

The VA assigns disability ratings from 10% to 100%, depending on the following factors: 

• A VA disability rating of 100% is assigned during active skin cancer treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.  

• The 100% VA rating continues for six months after active treatment ends. 

• After active cancer treatment ends, a re-evaluation is conducted by the VA.  

• Any residual conditions, such as disfigurement, scarring, or functional impairments, are rated under DC 7818 and 7833, ranging from 10% to 80%, depending on the severity of residual conditions. 

Skin Cancer VA Diagnostic Codes

The VA outlines specific diagnostic codes (DCs) for skin conditions, including skin cancer. These codes determine how your condition is evaluated and rated and include: 

• DC 7818 – Malignant Skin Neoplasms: This code applies to malignant (i.e., cancer-causing) neoplasms (i.e., a new abnormal growth of tissue), such as squamous and basal cell carcinomas. The rating is based on disfigurement of the head, face, or neck under DC 7800, or as scars under DCs 7801 to 7805. 

• DC 7800 – Disfigurement of the Head, Face, or Neck: This code rates visible scars or disfigurement resulting from skin cancer surgeries or treatments. The severity is evaluated based on size, shape, and symmetry (i.e., one side appears the same as the other).  

• DCs 7801 to 7805 – Scars: These codes apply to scars resulting from skin cancer treatments. The rating depends on factors such as the size of the scar, whether it’s painful, unstable, or limits motion. 

Learn how the VA rates other skin conditions here.  

Secondary Conditions and Skin Cancer

Veterans with service-connected skin cancer, particularly those exposed to Agent Orange, may experience secondary conditions that exacerbate (i.e., worsen) their health challenges. The VA recognizes several of these conditions and provides specific DCs and rating criteria to evaluate these conditions, often resulting in a higher disability rating. 

Skin Infections

Infections, such as bacterial, viral, or fungal, resulting from breaks in the skin due to skin cancer or its treatment, are evaluated under skin conditions, rated under DC 7820 from 0% to 100%, depending on the severity and treatment required. 

Mental Health Conditions

The VA may consider certain mental health conditions as secondary to skin cancer if you can demonstrate that they are a direct result of stress, pain, or other physical or emotional effects of your skin cancer condition or treatment.  

The VA evaluates mental health conditions, including depression and anxiety, under 38 CFR 4.130 — Schedule of ratings—Mental disorders. 

The ratings range from 0% to 100%, based on the severity of symptoms and their impact on occupational and social functioning. 

Common mental health DCs linked with skin cancer include: 

• DC 9434 – Major Depressive Disorder 

• DC 9400 – Generalized Anxiety Disorder 

• DC 9413 – Unspecified Anxiety Disorder 

Sleep Disturbances

Obstructive sleep apnea, DC 6847, is evaluated by the VA under Diagnostic Code 6847, rated under  38 CFR § 4.97 Schedule of ratings—respiratory system.  The ratings range from 0% to 100%, based on symptoms and treatment modalities, such as whether you require a CPAP (i.e., a device that keeps the airways open during sleep).  

Note: There may be upcoming changes to the VA rating schedule for sleep apnea, making it more difficult to get rated; learn more about these new rating changes here.  

Service Connection and Skin Cancer

To establish a service connection for skin cancer, veterans must provide evidence, such as: 

Current Medical Diagnosis: A recently confirmed diagnosis of skin cancer. 

Service Record: Documentation of service in areas known for Agent Orange use. 

Medical Nexus: A medical opinion (i.e., a Nexus Letter) from a qualified medical professional stating that it is “at least as likely as not” that your skin cancer is related to your Agent Orange exposure. The letter must include facts to back up your claim, such as relevant studies, individual risk factors, and other pertinent, well-reasoned information.  

Lay Evidence: Includes valuable supporting evidence such as your personal testimony and other statements — from family or fellow service members — who can provide details on your health and potential Agent Orange exposure around the time of or after your military service.  

Claim’s Submission: There is no specific time constraint regarding when a skin cancer claim can be submitted for disability compensation; it’s crucial to submit your claim as soon as possible once you are diagnosed. 

Agent Orange Exposure: This includes documentation of service in locations and time frames linked with Agent Orange exposure.  

• DD214s, showing service in Vietnam (including its inland waterways and 12 nautical mile territorial sea), Laos, or Cambodia  

• Military deployment from January 9, 1962, to May 7, 1975 

• Other qualifying service locations and timeframes  

Wrapping Up

While the VA doesn’t automatically presume skin cancer is caused by Agent Orange, emerging research and veteran cases have shown there may be a connection—and that means you still have a path forward.

If you’ve been diagnosed with skin cancer and were exposed to Agent Orange during your service, it’s critical to understand your rights, gather strong medical evidence, and build a claim that stands up to the VA’s requirements.

You don’t have to navigate this alone. With the right strategy, documentation, and support, you can secure the VA disability compensation and benefits you deserve.

(FAQs) Frequently Asked Questions

What is Agent Orange?

A toxic herbicide used during the Vietnam War, containing harmful dioxins linked to various health issues, including skin cancer. 

What VA benefits are available for veterans with skin cancer?

Eligible veterans may receive monthly VA disability compensation, healthcare, and other benefits, depending on their VA rating. 

Can I file a secondary claim for conditions caused by skin cancer?

Yes. Conditions like depression, anxiety, skin infections, and even sleep disturbances may qualify as secondary to service-connected skin cancer if supported by medical evidence.

How can I file a VA disability claim for Agent Orange-related skin cancer?

Complete VA Form 21-526EZ and submit it with the necessary documentation, including medical records, a recent skin cancer diagnosis, military service records showing when and where you served, and a medical nexus linking your military service to skin cancer.

What if my skin cancer is in remission? Can I still get a VA rating?

Yes. The VA may still assign a rating based on residual effects like scarring or disfigurement once treatment is complete. Ratings typically range from 10% to 80%, depending on the severity of residual symptoms.

Is skin cancer a presumptive condition for Agent Orange exposure?

No. As of now, the VA does not list skin cancer as a presumptive condition related to Agent Orange. However, scientific studies support a possible link, which can help support service connection.

Can I still get VA benefits for skin cancer if it’s not presumptive?

Yes. You’ll need to prove direct service connection through a medical nexus linking your skin cancer to Agent Orange exposure, plus a current diagnosis and service records showing you were in a location where Agent Orange was used.

How can I get VA disability for skin cancer?

To learn more about how to service connect your skin cancer, see Brian Reese’s article, How to Get VA Disability for Skin Cancer. If you’re looking for VA disability for other skin conditions, see HERE.

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